Doctoral Education and Training in Europe

Publications

25 Sep 2025

Labour, Migration and Social Policies

External Publications

Jan Bazyli Klakla

Martyna Gliniecka

Jan Bazyli Klakla

Director of Migration, Social Policy, and Development Cooperation
Dr Jan Bazyli Klakla is Director of Migration, Social Policy, and Development Cooperation at CASE – Center for Social and Economic Research. He oversees a broad portfolio of projects in these areas, including work on socio-legal studies and on higher education and science policy. Dr. Klakla has been involved in and has led numerous national and European research projects, including those funded by Horizon Europe, Norway Grants, and Polish National Science Center. His work also includes providing consulting and expert services to key European institutions such as the Committee of the Regions, the European Economic and Social Committee, and CEDEFOP (European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training). He has served as an expert in the “Safe Krakow - Security Strategy for Krakow” program. Dr. Klakla is the editor of Law and Culture. Reconceptualization and Case Studies (Springer Nature, 2021) and the author of Law and Acculturation. Conceptualisation and Empirical Case Study: Slavic Migrants in Poland (Palgrave Macmillan, 2024) and Studying in Times of Crisis. Acculturation and Adaptation of Ukrainian Students at Kraków Higher Education Institutions amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic and Russia's Aggression against Ukraine (Brill, 2025). In recognition of his scholarly contributions, he was awarded first prize in the competition of the Association of the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy (IVR) – Polish Section for the best doctoral dissertation in the theory and philosophy of law. His research interests span migration, sociology of law, educational research, public policy analysis, customary law, and the methodology of social sciences.

Articles from this author:
- Qualifications Beyond Borders: Recognition of Ukrainian Diplomas and Qualifications in Poland
- Blueprint and Methodology for Innovative Governance
  The publication is a key deliverable within the BioBeo project, funded under the Horizon Europe program. It provides a structured approach to integrating bioeconomy education into school curricula across different institutional and social environments. The report examines the actors involved in curriculum decision-making, from policymakers and school administrators to parents, students, and businesses. It categorizes existing procedures for introducing new content into schools, whether initiated by teachers, school heads, or government authorities. Key barriers—legal, organizational, and socio-cultural—are identified, along with strategies to overcome them. A central theme is the importance of inclusive governance in education, advocating for participatory decision-making that involves various stakeholders. Recommendations highlight the need for flexibility in curriculum design, adequate funding, professional support for teachers, and depoliticization of educational content. The report concludes by situating these findings within the broader BioBeo curriculum framework, reinforcing the role of education in fostering a sustainable and circular bioeconomy.
- Poland’s Migration Strategy for 2025-2030 – Expert Commentary
Author’s articles
Martyna Gliniecka

Senior Social Sciences Researcher
Dr Martyna Gliniecka is a Senior Social Sciences Researcher at the CASE - Center for Social and Economic Research. At CASE, she specialises in social research and policy projects, with a focus on qualitative research, participatory methods, and equality, diversity and inclusion. She previously led and participated in research projects in the Young and Resilient Research Centre at Western Sydney University, aiming to better young people’s lives and their resilience in the domains of technology and health. She specialises in qualitative research methods, participatory methodologies, and digital research (e.g., digital ethnography). She is especially interested in online communities and their role in the growing domain of youth digital health.

Articles from this author:
- Fact or Fiction? Critical thinking and digital resilience among young people, parents and teachers in Poland, Latvia, and Lithuania
  The Fact or Fiction report summarises insights from consultations with 95 young people and 30 parents and teachers across Poland, Lithuania, and Latvia. It explores how adolescents use the Internet, which risks they identify, how they assess their critical thinking skills, and what support they need.
- Fact or Fiction Workshop Manual for Developing Digital Resilience and Critical Thinking in Youth
- Divisions of Powers. Multi-level Governance Structures in Armenia and Azerbaijan
  This publication provides an overview of the institutional decentralisation levels in Armenia and Azerbaijan. Each chapter outlines the legal foundations of the governance structures in each country and describes how powers and responsibilities are distributed across different tiers of government.
Author’s articles

The report “Doctoral Education and Training in Europe” was prepared as part of the METEOR project – Methodologies for Team Working in Eco-Outwards Research, funded by the Horizon Europe program. The document provides a comprehensive analysis of doctoral education systems in ten European countries (Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, Georgia, Spain, Norway, Poland, Turkey, Italy, and the United Kingdom). The study is based on an analysis of documentation and 160 interviews with doctoral students, supervisors, university representatives, and employers.

The report covers:

A comparative analysis of doctoral program structures – from traditional research models to professionally and industrially oriented programs,
An overview of the development of transferable skills (transversal skills) in doctoral programs, with an emphasis on communication, innovation, entrepreneurship, and preparation for work outside the academic environment,
An analysis of models of supervision and institutional support, highlighting differences in the quality of doctoral supervision and the lack of systematic training for supervisors in many countries,
The social dimension of doctoral education, including the degree of integration of research with the needs of the economy, the public sector, and society,
Identification of key challenges, such as insufficient preparation for careers outside academia, lack of financial support and mental health problems among doctoral students, and limited cooperation between universities and employers,
Recommendations covering reforms at the individual level (competence development), institutional level (strengthening support systems, training supervisors, co-supervision models, psychological support), and systemic level (recognition of doctoral qualifications outside academia, integration with the labor market, support for international cooperation).

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Doctoral Education and Training in Europe

Jan Bazyli Klakla

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Martyna Gliniecka

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